{"id":8763,"date":"2021-01-29T14:08:57","date_gmt":"2021-01-29T13:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/%f0%9f%a0%b6-station-5-rechtsstaatlichkeit\/"},"modified":"2026-07-12T16:15:03","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T14:15:03","slug":"%f0%9f%a0%b6-station-5-rechtsstaatlichkeit","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/%f0%9f%a0%b6-station-5-rechtsstaatlichkeit\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud83e\udc36 Station 5 &#8211; Rechtsstaatlichkeit"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"8763\" class=\"elementor elementor-8763 elementor-52\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8c28d32 elementor-section-full_width bulletlist elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8c28d32\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ca27ba\" data-id=\"6ca27ba\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53ec747 ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53ec747\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Actualit\u00e9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd6d70f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cd6d70f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>En Hongrie, depuis 2011, le parti au pouvoir, le Fidesz, sape syst\u00e9matiquement les fondements importants de la vie sociale d\u00e9mocratique, par exemple en rachetant des m\u00e9dias et des maisons d&#8217;\u00e9dition par l&#8217;interm\u00e9diaire d&#8217;entrepreneurs fid\u00e8les au parti et en retirant les licences des m\u00e9dias critiques \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9gard du gouvernement par le biais du Conseil hongrois des m\u00e9dias, contr\u00f4l\u00e9 par le Fidesz. Il est ainsi plus difficile de se forger une opinion ind\u00e9pendante. <\/li><li>La corruption reste un probl\u00e8me majeur dans certains pays europ\u00e9ens.<\/li><\/ul><p>En 2022, la justice belge a enqu\u00eat\u00e9 sur des accusations port\u00e9es contre des d\u00e9put\u00e9s europ\u00e9ens de haut rang, soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s d&#8217;avoir accept\u00e9 des pots-de-vin du Qatar et du Maroc dans le cadre du scandale dit \u00ab\u202fQatargate\u202f\u00bb. Fin 2025, l&#8217;ancienne haute repr\u00e9sentante de l&#8217;Union pour les affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, Federica Mogherini, a m\u00eame \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9e dans le cadre d&#8217;une enqu\u00eate pour corruption. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-434dbbc ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"434dbbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Que signifie \u00ab \u00c9tat de droit \u00bb ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed0fab7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed0fab7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le principe de l&#8217;\u00c9tat de droit garantit le respect des droits fondamentaux et de toutes les autres r\u00e8gles et lois adopt\u00e9es d\u00e9mocratiquement par les organes de l&#8217;\u00c9tat : tout pouvoir \u00e9tatique doit \u00eatre exerc\u00e9 dans les limites de la loi et est soumis au contr\u00f4le de tribunaux ind\u00e9pendants et impartiaux. Cela permet de prot\u00e9ger les citoyen(ne)s contre l&#8217;arbitraire de l&#8217;\u00c9tat. L&#8217;\u00c9tat de droit comprend \u00e9galement la lutte contre la corruption et la protection de la libert\u00e9 des m\u00e9dias.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b9809e ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b9809e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment l'\u00c9tat de droit est-il garanti dans l'Union europ\u00e9enne ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6d5fe83 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6d5fe83\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8414eff\" data-id=\"8414eff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f004c4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f004c4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Instruments de contr\u00f4le<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d881fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3d881fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Seuls les \u00c9tats qui satisfont aux normes de l&#8217;UE en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9mocratie et d&#8217;\u00c9tat de droit peuvent adh\u00e9rer \u00e0 l&#8217;UE. C&#8217;est pourquoi, par exemple, les n\u00e9gociations d&#8217;adh\u00e9sion avec la Turquie sont actuellement suspendues pour une dur\u00e9e ind\u00e9termin\u00e9e, car le pays s&#8217;est de plus en plus \u00e9loign\u00e9 de ces normes au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es. Les institutions et organes de l&#8217;UE eux-m\u00eames sont tenus de respecter les principes de l&#8217;\u00c9tat de droit. Ce respect fait l&#8217;objet de contr\u00f4les.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-560c2bc elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"560c2bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec6afe5\" data-id=\"ec6afe5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4bbb1c elementor-widget 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slideOutRight;\n}\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .slideOutUp {\n  -webkit-animation-name: slideOutUp;\n  animation-name: slideOutUp;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated {\n  -webkit-animation-duration: 1s;\n  animation-duration: 1s;\n  -webkit-animation-fill-mode: both;\n  animation-fill-mode: both;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.infinite {\n  -webkit-animation-iteration-count: infinite;\n  animation-iteration-count: infinite;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.delay-1s {\n  -webkit-animation-delay: 1s;\n  animation-delay: 1s;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.delay-2s {\n  -webkit-animation-delay: 2s;\n  animation-delay: 2s;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.delay-3s {\n  -webkit-animation-delay: 3s;\n  animation-delay: 3s;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.delay-4s {\n  -webkit-animation-delay: 4s;\n  animation-delay: 4s;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.delay-5s {\n  -webkit-animation-delay: 5s;\n  animation-delay: 5s;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.fast {\n  -webkit-animation-duration: 800ms;\n  animation-duration: 800ms;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.faster {\n  -webkit-animation-duration: 500ms;\n  animation-duration: 500ms;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.slow {\n  -webkit-animation-duration: 2s;\n  animation-duration: 2s;\n}\n\n#uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c .animated.slower {\n  -webkit-animation-duration: 3s;\n  animation-duration: 3s;\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/style>\n\n<div id=\"uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"uc_fixed_box_postslider\" id=\"uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c\" style=\"direction:ltr;\">\n        <div class=\"uc_fbps_container\">\n            <div id=\"slider-uc_content_slider_new_elementor_f4bbb1c\" class=\"owl-carousel uc-items-wrapper  uc-remote-parent \"  data-remoteid='auto' data-widgetname='Content Slider' data-sync='true' data-syncid='group1'  data-lightbox=\"false\">\n            \t<div class=\"uc_fbps_slide elementor-repeater-item-c049fa1\" >\n  <div style=\"background-image:url();\" class=\"ue-item-image\"><\/div>\n  \n    \n    \t<div class=\"ue-item-overlay\"><\/div>\n      \n        <div class=\"uc_fbps_content \">\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_title\">Parlement europ\u00e9en <\/div>\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_desc\">Comme il se doit dans une d\u00e9mocratie, le <b>Parlement europ\u00e9en<\/b> contr\u00f4le l'ex\u00e9cutif, c'est-\u00e0-dire la Commission europ\u00e9enne. Il peut m\u00eame r\u00e9voquer la Commission, comme il l'a fait par exemple en 1999 (parce qu'une vice-pr\u00e9sidente de la Commission avait fourni \u00e0 des connaissances des emplois bien r\u00e9mun\u00e9r\u00e9s pour lesquels elles n'\u00e9taient pas qualifi\u00e9es). <\/div>\n        \n              <\/div>\n        \n    \n        \n    \n    \n \n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_fbps_slide elementor-repeater-item-2d45900\" >\n  <div style=\"background-image:url();\" class=\"ue-item-image\"><\/div>\n  \n    \n    \t<div class=\"ue-item-overlay\"><\/div>\n      \n        <div class=\"uc_fbps_content \">\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_title\">La Commission du contr\u00f4le budg\u00e9taire du Parlement europ\u00e9en, la Cour des comptes europ\u00e9enne et l'Office europ\u00e9en de lutte antifraude (OLAF)<\/div>\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_desc\">La Commission du contr\u00f4le budg\u00e9taire du Parlement europ\u00e9en, la Cour des comptes europ\u00e9enne et l'Office europ\u00e9en de lutte antifraude (OLAF) veillent \u00e0 ce que les fonds de l'UE soient utilis\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re appropri\u00e9e.<\/div>\n        \n              <\/div>\n        \n    \n        \n    \n    \n \n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_fbps_slide elementor-repeater-item-5fa1985\" >\n  <div style=\"background-image:url();\" class=\"ue-item-image\"><\/div>\n  \n    \n    \t<div class=\"ue-item-overlay\"><\/div>\n      \n        <div class=\"uc_fbps_content \">\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_title\">Le Parquet europ\u00e9en <\/div>\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_desc\">Le Parquet europ\u00e9en lutte contre la fraude et la corruption impliquant des fonds europ\u00e9ens.<\/div>\n        \n              <\/div>\n        \n    \n        \n    \n    \n \n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_fbps_slide elementor-repeater-item-5dc3766\" >\n  <div style=\"background-image:url();\" class=\"ue-item-image\"><\/div>\n  \n    \n    \t<div class=\"ue-item-overlay\"><\/div>\n      \n        <div class=\"uc_fbps_content \">\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_title\">La Cour de justice de l'Union europ\u00e9enne (CJUE)<\/div>\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_desc\">La Cour de justice de l'Union europ\u00e9enne (CJUE), qui est ind\u00e9pendante, a notamment pour mission de contr\u00f4ler la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 des actes l\u00e9gislatifs et des actions de toutes les institutions de l'UE qui ont des effets juridiques \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard des tiers. La Cour peut ainsi v\u00e9rifier si l'UE est comp\u00e9tente pour l\u00e9gif\u00e9rer dans certains domaines. Par exemple, \u00e0 la demande du Royaume-Uni (qui a depuis quitt\u00e9 l'UE), la Cour a jug\u00e9 que l'interdiction du travail le dimanche, pr\u00e9vue par un r\u00e8glement, \u00e9tait ill\u00e9gale. Motif : le trait\u00e9 UE ne conf\u00e8re pas \u00e0 l'UE la comp\u00e9tence n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 cet effet.   <\/div>\n        \n              <\/div>\n        \n    \n        \n    \n    \n \n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_fbps_slide elementor-repeater-item-1a4808d\" >\n  <div style=\"background-image:url();\" class=\"ue-item-image\"><\/div>\n  \n    \n    \t<div class=\"ue-item-overlay\"><\/div>\n      \n        <div class=\"uc_fbps_content \">\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_title\">Commission europ\u00e9enne<\/div>\n        \n                <div class=\"uc_fbps_container_desc\">La <b>Commission europ\u00e9enne<\/b> peut poursuivre les \u00c9tats membres devant la CJUE pour non-transposition ou violation du droit de l'Union europ\u00e9enne.<\/div>\n        \n              <\/div>\n        \n    \n        \n    \n    \n \n<\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- end Content Slider -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f904656\" data-id=\"f904656\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c07c1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_uc_material_bullets\" data-id=\"1c07c1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_uc_material_bullets.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Icon Bullets -->\n\n<style>\/* widget: Icon Bullets *\/\n\n\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e *{\n\t-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;\n\t-moz-box-sizing: border-box;\n\tbox-sizing: border-box;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-icon-wrapper{\n\tdisplay: flex;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-icon{\n  display:flex;\n  align-items:center;\n  justify-content:center;\n  flex-grow:0;\n  flex-shrink:0;\n  line-height:1em;\n  transition:0.3s;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-icon svg{\n  height:1em;\n  width:1em;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .uc_material_bullets_row{\n\tfont-weight:400;\n\toverflow:hidden;\n\tdisplay:flex;\n\tposition:relative;\n\ttext-align:left;\n\twidth:100%;   \n    transition:0.3s;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .uc_material_bullets_row a.ue-item-link{\n  position:absolute;\n  display:block;\n  top:0;\n  right:0;\n  left:0;\n  bottom:0;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .uc_material_bullets_row:last-child{\n\tmargin-bottom:0px !important;\n}\n\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .uc_material_bullets_row {\n\tposition:relative;\n\tvertical-align:middle;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .uc_material_bullets_row .uc_content_box{\n\tdisplay:flex;\n    flex-direction:column;\n    align-items: flex-start;\n    flex-grow:1;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-bullets{\n  display:grid;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-text, \n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-title, \n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-seperator{\n  width:100%;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-seperator-line{\n  display:inline-block;\n  font-size:0px;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .ue-seperator{\n  font-size:0px;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e.uc-remote-parent .uc_material_bullets_row{\n  cursor:pointer;\n}\n\n.ue-title{\n  font-size:21px;\n  margin:0;\n}\n\n#uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e .uc_content_box > *{\n  transition: all .3s;\n}\n\n<\/style>\n\n<div id=\"uc_uc_material_bullets_elementor_1c07c1e\" class=\"uc_material_bullets  uc-remote-parent \"  data-remoteid='auto' data-widgetname='Icon Bullets' data-sync='true' data-syncid='group1' >   \t\n  <div class=\"ue-bullets uc-items-wrapper\" role=\"list\">\n    <div class=\"uc_material_bullets_row elementor-repeater-item-fa09df4\" role=\"listitem\">\n  <div class=\"ue-icon-wrapper\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Parlement europ\u00e9en\">\n    <div class=\"ue-icon\">\n       <i class='fas fa-chevron-right'><\/i>       \t          \n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"uc_content_box uc_ceal\">\n    <div class=\"ue-title\">Parlement europ\u00e9en<\/div>\n    \n    \t\n    \n    <div class=\"ue-text\"><\/div>\t\n  <\/div>\n  \t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_material_bullets_row elementor-repeater-item-7af56f8\" role=\"listitem\">\n  <div class=\"ue-icon-wrapper\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"CONT, , Cour des Comptes, OLAF\">\n    <div class=\"ue-icon\">\n       <i class='fas fa-chevron-right'><\/i>       \t          \n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"uc_content_box uc_ceal\">\n    <div class=\"ue-title\">CONT, , Cour des Comptes, OLAF<\/div>\n    \n    \t\n    \n    <div class=\"ue-text\"><\/div>\t\n  <\/div>\n  \t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_material_bullets_row elementor-repeater-item-dfd13af\" role=\"listitem\">\n  <div class=\"ue-icon-wrapper\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Le Parquet europ\u00e9en\">\n    <div class=\"ue-icon\">\n       <i class='fas fa-chevron-right'><\/i>       \t          \n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"uc_content_box uc_ceal\">\n    <div class=\"ue-title\">Le Parquet europ\u00e9en <\/div>\n    \n    \t\n    \n    <div class=\"ue-text\">\n\n<\/div>\t\n  <\/div>\n  \t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_material_bullets_row elementor-repeater-item-2264d66\" role=\"listitem\">\n  <div class=\"ue-icon-wrapper\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"La Cour de justice de l'Union europ\u00e9enne (CJUE)\">\n    <div class=\"ue-icon\">\n       <i class='fas fa-chevron-right'><\/i>       \t          \n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"uc_content_box uc_ceal\">\n    <div class=\"ue-title\">La Cour de justice de l'Union europ\u00e9enne (CJUE)<\/div>\n    \n    \t\n    \n    <div class=\"ue-text\"><\/div>\t\n  <\/div>\n  \t\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"uc_material_bullets_row elementor-repeater-item-0465bca\" role=\"listitem\">\n  <div class=\"ue-icon-wrapper\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Commission europ\u00e9enne\">\n    <div class=\"ue-icon\">\n       <i class='fas fa-chevron-right'><\/i>       \t          \n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"uc_content_box uc_ceal\">\n    <div class=\"ue-title\">Commission europ\u00e9enne<\/div>\n    \n    \t\n    \n    <div class=\"ue-text\"><\/div>\t\n  <\/div>\n  \t\n<\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- end Icon Bullets -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09f74bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"09f74bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Instruments de sanction<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d2262b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d2262b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mais que se passe-t-il si, apr\u00e8s son adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l&#8217;UE, un pays viole les obligations qui lui incombent en vertu des trait\u00e9s europ\u00e9ens, notamment dans le domaine des droits fondamentaux et des valeurs ? C&#8217;est l\u00e0 qu&#8217;intervient la Commission europ\u00e9enne, souvent qualifi\u00e9e de \u00ab gardienne des trait\u00e9s \u00bb. Elle doit veiller \u00e0 ce que les \u00c9tats membres respectent et mettent en \u0153uvre ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 convenu et d\u00e9cid\u00e9 conjointement.  <\/p><p>Si des manquements sont constat\u00e9s, l&#8217;\u00c9tat membre est invit\u00e9 \u00e0 y rem\u00e9dier. Si l&#8217;\u00c9tat ne s&#8217;y conforme pas, la Commission europ\u00e9enne engage une proc\u00e9dure d&#8217;infraction \u00e0 son encontre. Dans la plupart des cas, cela conduit les \u00c9tats \u00e0 corriger leur comportement. Si ce n&#8217;est pas le cas, une proc\u00e9dure est engag\u00e9e devant la Cour de justice europ\u00e9enne. Si celle-ci confirme que l&#8217;\u00c9tat enfreint le droit de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne et que l&#8217;\u00c9tat ne modifie pas son comportement, il peut \u00eatre condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 une amende ou \u00e0 une astreinte.    <\/p><p>Ainsi, l&#8217;Allemagne a \u00e9t\u00e9 pendant des ann\u00e9es en conflit avec la Commission europ\u00e9enne au sujet de la mise en \u0153uvre de la Directive Habitats-Faune-Flore, qui vise \u00e0 mieux relier et prot\u00e9ger les zones naturelles prot\u00e9g\u00e9es de l&#8217;UE. Dans le cas de la Hongrie, la CJUE a d\u00e9j\u00e0 jug\u00e9 que la loi sur les m\u00e9dias et la loi sur l&#8217;enseignement sup\u00e9rieur \u00e9taient incompatibles avec le droit europ\u00e9en.  <br><a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODMzMCwidG9nZ2xlIjpmYWxzZX0%3D\">&gt;&gt; Savais-tu que &lt;&lt;<\/a><\/p><p>Si la violation concerne les valeurs \u00e9nonc\u00e9es \u00e0 l&#8217;Article 2 du Trait\u00e9 UE ou s&#8217;il existe un risque clair de violation grave de ces valeurs, la sanction la plus s\u00e9v\u00e8re pr\u00e9vue par le Trait\u00e9 UE peut \u00eatre impos\u00e9e en vertu de l&#8217;Article 7 du Trait\u00e9 UE : les droits de l&#8217;\u00c9tat peuvent \u00eatre suspendus jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 ce que le manquement soit corrig\u00e9. Cela signifie que les paiements provenant des programmes financiers de l&#8217;UE sont suspendus et que l&#8217;\u00c9tat ne dispose plus du droit de vote au Conseil des ministres. En revanche, toutes les obligations restent en vigueur, notamment l&#8217;obligation de verser la contribution au budget de l&#8217;UE et l&#8217;obligation  <\/p><p>de respecter toutes les r\u00e8gles adopt\u00e9es \u00e0 l&#8217;unanimit\u00e9. Cette proc\u00e9dure pr\u00e9sente toutefois un inconv\u00e9nient : la constatation qu&#8217;un \u00c9tat viole les valeurs doit \u00eatre prise \u00e0 l&#8217;unanimit\u00e9 par tous les autres \u00c9tats. Cela ne fonctionne toutefois pas si plusieurs pays ne prennent pas au s\u00e9rieux le respect des valeurs et se soutiennent mutuellement lors des votes. C&#8217;est pourquoi ce dernier recours n&#8217;a encore jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 dans l&#8217;histoire de l&#8217;UE.   <\/p><p>Une nouveaut\u00e9 importante est entr\u00e9e en vigueur d\u00e9but 2021 : en cas de non-respect des valeurs et d&#8217;absence d&#8217;\u00c9tat de droit, un \u00c9tat peut se voir priv\u00e9 des fonds provenant des programmes de soutien de l&#8217;UE. Une d\u00e9cision unanime n&#8217;est pas n\u00e9cessaire pour cela. Il s&#8217;agit d&#8217;une sanction tr\u00e8s s\u00e9rieuse, en particulier pour les \u00c9tats qui re\u00e7oivent des paiements \u00e9lev\u00e9s de l&#8217;UE en raison de leur situation \u00e9conomique.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1c732c ueberschrift2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d1c732c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Connaissances de base<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-410c4d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"410c4d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e9gislation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e99250a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e99250a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Tous les \u00c9tats membres de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne doivent respecter le principe de l&#8217;\u00c9tat de droit.<\/li><li>Les Articles 4 et 5 du Trait\u00e9 UE stipulent que les institutions, les autorit\u00e9s et les tribunaux de l&#8217;UE ne peuvent agir de mani\u00e8re arbitraire, mais uniquement dans le cadre de leurs comp\u00e9tences.<\/li><li>L&#8217;Article 41 de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l&#8217;UE stipule que les citoyen(ne)s de l&#8217;UE ont droit \u00e0 une bonne administration, qui doit \u00eatre impartiale et \u00e9quitable, prendre ses d\u00e9cisions dans un d\u00e9lai raisonnable et motiver ses d\u00e9cisions. Cela inclut le droit d&#8217;\u00eatre entendu avant qu&#8217;une d\u00e9cision ne soit prise. <\/li><li>L&#8217;Article 47 de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne garantit que toute personne \u00e0 droit \u00e0 un recours devant un tribunal contre une violation de ses droits ou libert\u00e9s. Le tribunal doit \u00eatre ind\u00e9pendant, impartial et \u00e9tabli par la loi. La proc\u00e9dure doit \u00eatre \u00e9quitable et publique et se d\u00e9rouler dans un d\u00e9lai raisonnable.  <\/li><li>L&#8217;Article 48 de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne stipule que \u00ab tout accus\u00e9 est pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 innocent jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce que sa culpabilit\u00e9 ait \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u00e9galement \u00e9tablie \u00bb.<\/li><li>L&#8217;Article 49 de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne interdit de punir un acte qui n&#8217;\u00e9tait pas punissable au moment o\u00f9 il a \u00e9t\u00e9 commis. La peine ne peut pas non plus \u00eatre plus lourde que celle pr\u00e9vue par la loi au moment o\u00f9 l&#8217;acte a \u00e9t\u00e9 commis. La peine ne doit jamais \u00eatre disproportionn\u00e9e.  <\/li><li>L&#8217;Article 50 de la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l&#8217;Union europ\u00e9enne interdit de juger ou de punir p\u00e9nalement deux fois une personne pour une m\u00eame infraction.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fcc2a48\" data-id=\"fcc2a48\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" id=\"anregungen\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8d540b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8d540b0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:80,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet_extra&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile_extra&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9cdfe06\" data-id=\"9cdfe06\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92d9bbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"92d9bbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Espace d'apprentissage et de jeux<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e2a251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e2a251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Apprendre en s&#8217;amusant gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des suggestions, des quiz et d&#8217;autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments interactifs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e330010 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_dynamic_popup\" data-id=\"e330010\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_dynamic_popup.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Dynamic Post Popup -->\n\n<style>\/* widget: Dynamic Post Popup *\/\n\n  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.ue-dynamic-popup-overlay.uc-closing .ue-dynamic-popup-inner{\n    transform: translate(-100%, 0) !important;\n  }\n\n  #uc_dynamic_popup_elementor_e330010 .ue-dynamic-popup-overlay.uc-active .ue-dynamic-popup-inner{\n    transform: translate(0, 0);\n  }\n\/* end entrance animation *\/\n\n\/* global styling *\/\n\n\/* end global styling *\/\n\n@media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {\n  #uc_dynamic_popup_elementor_e330010 .ue-dynamic-popup-arrows{\n  \topacity: 1 !important;\n  }\n}\n\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"uc_dynamic_popup_elementor_e330010\" class=\"ue-dynamic-popup\" data-link-target-parent=\"true\" data-editor=\"no\" data-template=\"6425\" data-arrows=\"true\" data-arrows-on-top=\"true\" data-show-arrows-on-hover=\"false\" data-debug-console=\"false\" data-advanced-cache=\"false\" data-close-after-addedtocart=\"false\">\n    \n    \n   \n  \n  <div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-overlay\">\n    \n    <div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-inner\">\n      \n      \t<div class=\"ue-loader\">\n      \t\t          \n          \t                  <div class=\"uc-loading-text\">Chargement en cours...<\/div>\n                      \n      \t<\/div>\n      \n    \t<div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-close\" tabindex=\"0\"><i class='fas fa-times'><\/i><\/div>\n      \t<div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-iframe-holder\" data-debug=\"false\" data-debug-post='' data-show-iframe=\"false\" data-adjust-height=\"false\" data-hide-scroll=\"false\" data-anim=\"slide-in-right\" data-anim-speed=\".3\"><\/div> \n      \t\n      \t      \t<div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-arrows\">\n          <div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-arrow ue-dynamic-popup-prev-arrow\"><i class='fas fa-chevron-left'><\/i><\/div>\n      \t  <div class=\"ue-dynamic-popup-arrow ue-dynamic-popup-next-arrow\"><i class='fas fa-chevron-right'><\/i><\/div>          \t\n      \t<\/div>\n      \t \n    <\/div> \n    \n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- end Dynamic Post Popup -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b91526 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_post_list\" data-id=\"4b91526\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_post_list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Post List -->\n\n<style>\/* widget: Post List *\/\n\n\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526{\n  display:grid;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .uc_post_list_image div{\n  background-size:cover;\n  background-position:center;\n}\n\n.uc_post_list .uc_post_list_box{\n\tposition: relative;\n\toverflow: hidden;\n\tdisplay: flex;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .uc_post_list_image{\n  flex-grow:0;\n  flex-shrink:0;\n  overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .uc_post_list_image img{\n  width:100%;\n  height:100%;\n  display:block;\n  transition:0.3s;  \n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 1;\n}\n\n.uc_post_list_title a{\n    position: relative;\n    z-index: 1;\n\tcolor: #333333;\n    display: block;\n}\n\n.uc_post_list_date{\n\tfont-size: 12px;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .uc_post_list_content{\n  display:flex;\n  flex-direction:column;\n  flex:1;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .uc_more_btn{\n  text-align:center;\n  text-decoration:none;\n  transition:0.3s;\n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 1;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .button-on-side{\n  display:flex;\n  align-items:center;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-grid-item-category{\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n}\n\n.ue-grid-item-category a{\n  display:inline-block;\n  font-size:10px;\n  text-transform:uppercase;\n  white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-meta-data{  \n  display:flex;\n  flex-wrap: wrap;\n  line-height:1em;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-grid-item-meta-data{\n      display:inline-flex;\n      align-items:center;\n}\n\n.ue-grid-item-meta-data{\n  font-size:12px;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-grid-item-meta-data-icon{\n  line-height:1em;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-grid-item-meta-data-icon svg{\n  width:1em;\n  height:1em;\n} \n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-debug-meta{\n  padding:10px;\n  border:1px solid red;\n  position:relative;\n  line-height:1.5em;\n  font-size:11px;\n  width:100%;\n}\n\n.uc-remote-parent .uc_post_list_box{\n\tcursor:pointer;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526 .ue-post-link-overlay{\n  display:block;\n  position:absolute;\n  top:0;\n  bottom:0;\n  right:0;\n  left:0;\n}\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"uc_post_list uc-items-wrapper  uc-dynamic-popup-grid\" id=\"uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526\"  >    \t\n  \n<\/div>\n\n  <div id=\"uc_post_list_elementor_4b91526_empty_message\" class=\"ue-no-posts-found\" >Aucune contribution n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9e<\/div>\n\n<!-- end Post List -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Actualit\u00e9 En Hongrie, depuis 2011, le parti au pouvoir, le Fidesz, sape syst\u00e9matiquement les fondements importants de la vie sociale d\u00e9mocratique, par exemple en rachetant des m\u00e9dias et des maisons d&#8217;\u00e9dition par l&#8217;interm\u00e9diaire d&#8217;entrepreneurs fid\u00e8les au parti et en retirant les licences des m\u00e9dias critiques \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9gard du gouvernement par le biais du Conseil hongrois [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"hf_cat_page":[41],"class_list":["post-8763","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-station"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8763","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8763"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8763\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8764,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8763\/revisions\/8764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8763"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8763"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8763"},{"taxonomy":"hf_cat_page","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/werteweg.euw.edit-hosting.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hf_cat_page?post=8763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}